Colony Stimulating Factor 2, Granulocyte Macrophage (GMCSF)

CSF2; GM-CSF; Sargramostim; Molgramostin; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor

SPN	W661
HGNC	2434
MGI	1339752
PubMed	12133803
RGD	621065
UniProt	P04141
Wiki	GMCSF

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was initially identified by its ability to stimulate the formation of granulocyte and macrophage colonies from hematopoietic progenitor cells in semi-solid media. In vivoand in vitro studies have now demonstrated that GM-CSF is a pleiotropic cytokine that induces myeloid precursor cells to proliferate and differentiate into neutrophils, monocyte/macrophages and eosinophils.

GM-CSF has also been shown to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocyte progenitor cells. In addition, GM-CSF is a survival factor for and activates the effector functions of mature neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages and eosinophils.

Reference

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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82:4360-4364(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Genomic cloning, characterization, and multilineage growth-promoting activity of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:3101-3105(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Cloning, sequence, and expression of a human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82:6250-6254(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human GM-CSF: molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombinant proteins."
Science 228:810-815(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structure of the chromosomal gene for granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor: comparison of the mouse and human genes."
EMBO J. 4:2561-2568(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5."
Nature 431:268-274(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Role of carbohydrate modification in the production and secretion of human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in genetically engineered and normal mesenchymal cells."
Biochemistry 31:1881-1886(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Novel fold and putative receptor binding site of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor."
Science 254:1779-1782(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Three-dimensional structure of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor."
J. Mol. Biol. 224:1075-1085(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The structure of the GM-CSF receptor complex reveals a distinct mode of cytokine receptor activation."
Cell 134:496-507(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]