Acid Phosphatase 5, Tartrate Resistant (ACP5)

TRAP; TrATPase; Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Type 5 acid phosphatase

SPN	V909
HGNC	124
MGI	87883
PubMed	23604121
RGD	2022
UniProt	P13686
Wiki	TRAP_stain

is a glycosylated monomeric metalloenzyme expressed in mammals. It has a molecular weight of approximately 35kDa, a basic isoelectric point (7.6-9.5) , and optimal activity in acidic conditions. TRAP is synthesized as latent proenzyme and activated by proteolytic cleavage and reduction. It is differentiated by other mammalian acid phosphatases by its resistance to inhibition by tartrate, molecular weights and characteristic purple colour. The mechanism of phosphate ester hydrolysis by TRAP is through a nucleophilic attack mechanism, whereby, catalysis occurs with the binding of a phosphate-substrate to the Fe²⁺ in the active site of TRAP. This is then followed by a nucleophilic attack by a hydroxide ligand on the bound phosphorus atom, resulting in cleavage of the phosphate ester bond and production of an alcohol.

Reference

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"Purification and N-terminal sequence of two tartrate-resistant acid phosphatases type-5 from the hairy cell leukemia spleen."
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Nat. Genet. 43:127-131(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Genetic deficiency of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase associated with skeletal dysplasia, cerebral calcifications and autoimmunity."
Nat. Genet. 43:132-137(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]