Poly A Specific Ribonuclease (PARN)

DAN; Deadenylation Nuclease; Deadenylating nuclease; Polyadenylate-specific ribonuclease

SPN	U668
HGNC	8609
MGI	1921358
PubMed	22834816
RGD	1565449
UniProt	O95453
Wiki	PARN

Poly A Specific Ribonuclease is a 3'-exoribonuclease, with similarity to the RNase D family of 3'-exonucleases. It prefers poly(A) as the substrate, hence, efficiently degrades poly(A) tails of mRNAs. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs. This protein is also involved in silencing of certain maternal mRNAs during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, as well as in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease PARN protein appears to be localized in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is not stably associated with polysomes or ribosomal subunits.

Reference

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"The human gene for the poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) maps to 16p13 and has a truncated copy in the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region on 15q11-->q13."
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"A 54-kDa fragment of the Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease is an oligomeric, processive, and cap-interacting Poly(A)-specific 3' exonuclease."
J. Biol. Chem. 275:24222-24230(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interaction between a poly(A)-specific ribonuclease and the 5' cap influences mRNA deadenylation rates in vitro."
Mol. Cell 5:479-488(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The mRNA cap structure stimulates rate of poly(A) removal and amplifies processivity of degradation."
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Mol. Biol. Cell 13:4100-4109(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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Mol. Cell 12:675-687(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Tristetraprolin and its family members can promote the cell-free deadenylation of AU-rich element-containing mRNAs by poly(A) ribonuclease."
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"A KH domain RNA binding protein, KSRP, promotes ARE-directed mRNA turnover by recruiting the degradation machinery."
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Nat. Biotechnol. 24:1285-1292(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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"An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome."
J. Proteomics 96:253-262(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structural insight into poly(A) binding and catalytic mechanism of human PARN."
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"DNA damage activates a spatially distinct late cytoplasmic cell-cycle checkpoint network controlled by MK2-mediated RNA stabilization."
Mol. Cell 40:34-49(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]