Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19)

SPN	T910
HGNC	3675
PubMed	21436455
RGD	620166
UniProt	O95750
Wiki	FGF19

FGF19is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. FGF19 was detected only in fetal but not adult brain tissue. FGF19 has important roles as a hormone produced in the ileum in response to bile acid absorption. Bile acids bind to the farnesoid X receptor, stimulating FGF19 transcription. Several FXR / bile acid response elements have been identified in the FGF19 gene. Human FGF19 transcripts have been shown to be stimulated approximately 300-fold by physiological concentrations of bile acids including chenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid and obeticholic acid in explants of ileal mucosa.FGF19 regulates new bile acid synthesis, acting through the FGFR4/Klotho-β receptor complexes in the liver to inhibit CYP7A1. FGF19 has metabolic effects, affecting glucose and lipid metabolism when used in experimental mouse models.

Reference

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"Tissue-specific expression of betaKlotho and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor isoforms determines metabolic activity of FGF19 and FGF21."
J. Biol. Chem. 282:26687-26695(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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J. Biol. Chem. 283:33304-33309(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Bile acids activate fibroblast growth factor 19 signaling in human hepatocytes to inhibit cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene expression."
Hepatology 49:297-305(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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Nat. Rev. Cancer 10:116-129(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The crystal structure of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 reveals novel features of the FGF family and offers a structural basis for its unusual receptor affinity."
Biochemistry 43:629-640(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Molecular insights into the klotho-dependent, endocrine mode of action of fibroblast growth factor 19 subfamily members."
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27:3417-3428(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]