Orexin (OX)

HCRT; PPOX; Orexin A; Hypocretin 1; Orexin B; Hypocretin 2; Preproorexin; Hypocretin Neuropeptide Precursor

SPN	T837
HGNC	4847
MGI	1202306
PubMed	23398442
RGD	2786
UniProt	O43612
Wiki	Orexin

The polypeptides, named orexin A and orexin B, are derived from the same precursor (orexin) by proteolytic processing. The orexin-A peptide comprises gln33 to gly66, and the orexin-B peptide arg69 to met96, of the precursor protein. The predicted peptide for orexin A is identical in human, rat, mouse, and bovine. The predicted peptide for human orexin B shows only 2 amino acid differences when compared with the rodent sequence.

Preproorexin mRNA and immunoreactive orexin A are localized in neurons within and around the lateral and posterior hypothalamus in the adult rat brain. Northern blot analysis revealed that in the rat a 0.7-kb preproorexin mRNA species is expressed predominantly in the brain and in a small amount in testis.

Reference

"Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior."
Cell 92:573-585(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structure and function of human prepro-orexin gene."
J. Biol. Chem. 274:17771-17776(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Solution structure of a new hypothalamic neuropeptide, human hypocretin-2/orexin-B."
Eur. J. Biochem. 266:831-839(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Hypocretin/orexin, sleep and narcolepsy."
Bioessays 23:397-408(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"To eat or to sleep? Orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness."
Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24:429-458(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Solution structure of human orexin-A: regulator of appetite and wakefulness."
J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 37:565-573(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structure of HLA-DQ0602 that protects against type 1 diabetes and confers strong susceptibility to narcolepsy."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:1999-2004(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Orexin-A is composed of a highly conserved C-terminal and a specific, hydrophilic N-terminal region, revealing the structural basis of specific recognition by the orexin-1 receptor."
J. Pept. Sci. 12:443-454(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains."
Nat. Med. 6:991-997(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]