Cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1)

CP46; CYP46; CH24H; Cytochrome P450 Family 46 Subfamily A Polypeptide 1; Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P450 46A1

SPN	T248
HGNC	2641
MGI	1341877
PubMed	20930312
RGD	1306605
UniProt	Q9Y6A2
Wiki	CYP46A1

Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This endoplasmic reticulum protein is expressed in the brain, where it converts cholesterol to 24S-hydroxycholesterol. While cholesterol cannot pass the blood-brain barrier, 24S-hydroxycholesterol can be secreted in the brain into the circulation to be returned to the liver for catabolism.Expressed in brain. The mRNA was broadly distributed with higher levels in gray matter zones and lower levels in regions rich in white matter. Not detected in fetal sample but its expression increases linearly with age.

Reference

"cDNA cloning of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase, a mediator of cholesterol homeostasis in the brain."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:7238-7243(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14."
Nature 421:601-607(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Broad substrate specificity of human cytochrome P450 46A1 which initiates cholesterol degradation in the brain."
Biochemistry 42:14284-14292(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structures of substrate-bound and substrate-free cytochrome P450 46A1, the principal cholesterol hydroxylase in the brain."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:9546-9551(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structural basis of drug binding to CYP46A1, an enzyme that controls cholesterol turnover in the brain."
J. Biol. Chem. 285:31783-31795(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Binding of a cyano- and fluoro-containing drug bicalutamide to cytochrome P450 46A1: unusual features and spectral response."
J. Biol. Chem. 288:4613-4624(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]