Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS)

SLC5A5; Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 5; Na(+)/I(-) cotransporter

SPN	S412
HGNC	11040
MGI	2149330
PubMed	12588808
RGD	69267
UniProt	Q92911
Wiki	SLC5A5

The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) is an ion pump that actively transports iodide (I^-) across the basolateral membrane into thyroid epithelial cells. The NIS a member of the sodium/solute symporter family.Active transport of iodine into the thyroid gland is an important step in the process of iodide organification and the formation of triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄). The symporter is stimulated by TSH, thereby increasing iodine uptake and iodination of tyrosine.The pump symports two sodium ions for every iodide ion. This symporter is driven by low internal sodium concentration in the thyroid epithelial cells, via facilitated diffusion, caused by the sodium/potassium ATPase pump.This pump is the target of certain anion based inhibitors such as perchlorate, pertechnetate, and thiocyanate.

Reference

"Cloning of the human sodium iodide symporter."
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 226:339-345(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Increased expression of the Na+/I- symporter in cultured human thyroid cells exposed to thyrotropin and in Graves' thyroid tissue."
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:3331-3336(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19."
Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Congenital hypothyroidism caused by a mutation in the Na(+)/I(-) symporter."
Nat. Genet. 16:124-125(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Novel, missense and loss-of-function mutations in the sodium/iodide symporter gene causing iodide transport defect in three Japanese patients."
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:3373-3376(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Congenital hypothyroidism due to mutations in the sodium/iodide symporter: identification of a nonsense mutation producing a downstream cryptic 3' splice site."
J. Clin. Invest. 101:1028-1035(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A novel mutation in the sodium/iodide symporter gene in the largest family with iodide transport defect."
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:3248-3253(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]