Interleukin 1 Epsilon (IL1e)

IL1F6; IL36a; FIL1; FIL1(EPSILON); FIL1E; IL-1F6; IL1(EPSILON); Interleukin 36, Alpha; Interleukin 1 Family, Member 6

SPN	R969
HGNC	15562
MGI	1859324
RGD	1306869
UniProt	Q9UHA7

The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL1) elicits a wide array of biologic activities that initiate and promote the host response to injury or infection by activating a set of transcription factors, including NFKB and AP1, which in turn induce production of effectors of the inflammatory response. By searching an EST database for sequences resembling IL1 and probing a human genomic library, Smith et al. (2000) identified a cDNA encoding IL1F6, which they designated FIL1-epsilon. The deduced 158-amino acid protein, like FIL1-delta, contains neither a signal peptide nor a prodomain. It shares 48% sequence identity with FIL1-eta. PCR analyses detected expression in immune system and fetal brain, but not in other tissues tested or in multiple hematopoietic cell lines. Modeling indicated that FIL1-epsilon has a conserved 12-stranded beta-trefoil structure.

Reference

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J. Biol. Chem. 275:1169-1175(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A sequence-based map of the nine genes of the human interleukin-1 cluster."
Genomics 79:718-725(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4."
Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Two novel IL-1 family members, IL-1 delta and IL-1 epsilon, function as an antagonist and agonist of NF-kappa B activation through the orphan IL-1 receptor-related protein 2."
J. Immunol. 167:1440-1446(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interleukin (IL)-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9 signal through IL-1Rrp2 and IL-1RAcP to activate the pathway leading to NF-kappaB and MAPKs."
J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677-13688(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Nitroproteins from a human pituitary adenoma tissue discovered with a nitrotyrosine affinity column and tandem mass spectrometry."
Anal. Biochem. 354:279-289(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interleukin-36 (IL-36) ligands require processing for full agonist (IL-36alpha, IL-36beta, and IL-36gamma) or antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity."
J. Biol. Chem. 286:42594-42602(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Inter-regulation of Th17 cytokines and the IL-36 cytokines in vitro and in vivo: implications in psoriasis pathogenesis."
J. Invest. Dermatol. 131:2428-2437(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"IL-36 promotes myeloid cell infiltration, activation, and inflammatory activity in skin."
J. Immunol. 192:6053-6061(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]