Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog (PTEN)

BZS; MHAM; MMAC1; PTEN1; TEP1; Mutated In Multiple Advanced Cancers 1; Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN

SPN	Q984
HGNC	9588
MGI	109583
PubMed	23212910
RGD	61995
UniProt	P60484
Wiki	PTEN

PTEN acts as a tumor suppressor gene through the action of its phosphatase protein product. This phosphatase is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, preventing cells from growing and dividing too rapidly.This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating Akt/PKB signaling pathway.

Reference

"TEP1, encoded by a candidate tumor suppressor locus, is a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase regulated by transforming growth factor beta."
Cancer Res. 57:2124-2129(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers."
Nat. Genet. 15:356-363(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancer."
Science 275:1943-1947(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The expression profile for the tumour suppressor gene PTEN and associated polymorphic markers."
Br. J. Cancer 82:1671-1676(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"P-TEN, the tumor suppressor from human chromosome 10q23, is a dual-specificity phosphatase."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:9052-9057(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate."
J. Biol. Chem. 273:13375-13378(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN is critical for its tumor suppressor function."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:13513-13518(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Inhibition of cell migration, spreading, and focal adhesions by tumor suppressor PTEN."
Science 280:1614-1617(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The tumor-suppressor activity of PTEN is regulated by its carboxyl-terminal region."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:10182-10187(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Threonine phosphorylation of the MMAC1/PTEN PDZ binding domain both inhibits and stimulates PDZ binding."
Cancer Res. 60:35-37(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interaction of the tumor suppressor PTEN/MMAC with a PDZ domain of MAGI3, a novel membrane-associated guanylate kinase."
J. Biol. Chem. 275:21477-21485(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Evidence for regulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor by a membrane-localized multi-PDZ domain containing scaffold protein MAGI-2."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:4233-4238(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The tumor suppressor PTEN is phosphorylated by the protein kinase CK2 at its C terminus. Implications for PTEN stability to proteasome-mediated degradation."
J. Biol. Chem. 276:993-998(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Phosphorylation of the PTEN tail acts as an inhibitory switch by preventing its recruitment into a protein complex."
J. Biol. Chem. 276:48627-48630(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Direct identification of PTEN phosphorylation sites."
FEBS Lett. 528:145-153(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"LKB1 interacts with and phosphorylates PTEN: a functional link between two proteins involved in cancer predisposing syndromes."
Hum. Mol. Genet. 14:2209-2219(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Binding of PTEN to specific PDZ domains contributes to PTEN protein stability and phosphorylation by microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinases."
J. Biol. Chem. 280:28936-28943(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"NEDD4-1 is a proto-oncogenic ubiquitin ligase for PTEN."
Cell 128:129-139(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The deubiquitinylation and localization of PTEN are regulated by a HAUSP-PML network."
Nature 455:813-817(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Rak functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating PTEN protein stability and function."
Cancer Cell 15:304-314(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) regulates PTEN ubiquitination, content, and compartmentalization."
J. Biol. Chem. 284:20462-20466(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Regulation of PTEN stability and activity by Plk3."
J. Biol. Chem. 285:39935-39942(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Regulation of PTEN/Akt and MAP kinase signaling pathways by the ubiquitin ligase activators Ndfip1 and Ndfip2."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:11429-11434(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Initial characterization of the human central proteome."
BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"IGF2BP1 promotes cell migration by regulating MK5 and PTEN signaling."
Genes Dev. 26:176-189(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109:12449-12454(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A secreted PTEN phosphatase that enters cells to alter signaling and survival."
Science 341:399-402(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PTENalpha, a PTEN isoform translated through alternative initiation, regulates mitochondrial function and energy metabolism."
Cell Metab. 19:836-848(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome."
J. Proteomics 96:253-262(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structure of the PTEN tumor suppressor: implications for its phosphoinositide phosphatase activity and membrane association."
Cell 99:323-334(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The role of MMAC1 mutations in early-onset breast cancer: causative in association with Cowden syndrome and excluded in BRCA1-negative cases."
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61:1036-1043(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Inherited mutations in PTEN that are associated with breast cancer, Cowden disease, and juvenile polyposis."
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61:1254-1260(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Somatic mutations of PTEN in glioblastoma multiforme."
Cancer Res. 57:4183-4186(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Germline mutations in the PTEN/MMAC1 gene in patients with Cowden disease."
Hum. Mol. Genet. 6:1383-1387(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Germline mutations of the PTEN gene in Cowden disease, an inherited breast and thyroid cancer syndrome."
Nat. Genet. 16:64-67(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Germline mutations in PTEN are present in Bannayan-Zonana syndrome."
Nat. Genet. 16:333-334(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in endometrial hyperplasias."
Cancer Res. 58:2500-2503(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Mutational abrogation of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene in gastrointestinal polyps in patients with Cowden disease."
Gastroenterology 115:1084-1089(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The genetic basis of Cowden's syndrome: three novel mutations in PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1."
Hum. Genet. 102:467-473(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype analyses in Cowden disease and Bannayan-Zonana syndrome, two hamartoma syndromes with germline PTEN mutation."
Hum. Mol. Genet. 7:507-515(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Novel mutation of the PTEN gene in an Italian Cowden's disease kindred."
Int. J. Oncol. 13:665-668(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Germline PTEN mutations in Cowden syndrome-like families."
J. Med. Genet. 35:881-885(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PTEN germ-line mutations in juvenile polyposis coli."
Nat. Genet. 18:12-14(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Variant manifestation of Cowden disease in Japan: hamartomatous polyposis of the digestive tract with mutation of the PTEN gene."
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 64:308-310(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Severe Lhermitte-Duclos disease with unique germline mutation of PTEN."
Am. J. Med. Genet. 82:290-293(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Novel PTEN mutations in patients with Cowden disease: absence of clear genotype-phenotype correlations."
Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 7:267-273(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PTEN mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome suggest a single entity with Cowden syndrome."
Hum. Mol. Genet. 8:1461-1472(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Functional evaluation of PTEN missense mutations using in vitro phosphoinositide phosphatase assay."
Cancer Res. 60:3147-3151(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Novel germline mutations in the PTEN tumour suppressor gene found in women with multiple cancers."
J. Med. Genet. 37:336-341(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification of PTEN mutations in metastatic melanoma specimens."
J. Med. Genet. 37:653-657(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PTEN coordinates G1 arrest by down-regulating cyclin D1 via its protein phosphatase activity and up-regulating p27 via its lipid phosphatase activity in a breast cancer model."
Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:599-604(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A novel germline mutation of the PTEN gene in a patient with macrocephaly, ventricular dilatation, and features of VATER association."
J. Med. Genet. 38:820-823(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Rapid mutation scanning of genes associated with familial cancer syndromes using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography."
Neoplasia 3:236-244(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A novel germline mutation of PTEN associated with brain tumours of multiple lineages."
Br. J. Cancer 86:1586-1591(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Detection of new PTEN/MMAC1 mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas with loss of chromosome 10."
Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 132:20-24(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Germline mutation of the tumour suppressor PTEN in Proteus syndrome."
J. Med. Genet. 39:937-940(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Subset of individuals with autism spectrum disorders and extreme macrocephaly associated with germline PTEN tumour suppressor gene mutations."
J. Med. Genet. 42:318-321(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Recurrent 10q22-q23 deletions: a genomic disorder on 10q associated with cognitive and behavioral abnormalities."
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80:938-947(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A germline PTEN mutation with manifestations of prenatal onset and verrucous epidermal nevus."
Am. J. Med. Genet. A 140:1472-1475(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]