Uracil DNA Glycosylase (UNG)

UDG, UNG1, UNG2, HIGM4

SPN	P829
HGNC	12572
MGI	109352
PubMed	10912000
RGD	1307200
UniProt	P13051
Wiki	UNG

UNG encodes one of several uracil-DNA glycosylases. One important function of uracil-DNA glycosylases is to prevent mutagenesis by eliminating uracil from DNA molecules by cleaving the N-glycosylic bond and initiating the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. Uracil bases occur from cytosine deamination or misincorporation of dUMP residues. Alternative promoter usage and splicing of this gene leads to two different isoforms: the nuclear (UNG2) and mitochondrial (UNG1) isoforms of UNG result from alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters. The UNG1 and UNG2 proteins contain different N-terminal sequences, but the downstream 269 amino acids are common and include a short region that binds replication protein A and a larger, compact catalytic domain.

Reference

"Molecular cloning of human uracil-DNA glycosylase, a highly conserved DNA repair enzyme."
EMBO J. 8:3121-3125(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structure of the gene for human uracil-DNA glycosylase and analysis of the promoter function."
FEBS Lett. 353:180-184(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Nuclear and mitochondrial uracil-DNA glycosylases are generated by alternative splicing and transcription from different positions in the UNG gene."
Nucleic Acids Res. 25:750-755(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Nuclear and mitochondrial forms of human uracil-DNA glycosylase are encoded by the same gene."
Nucleic Acids Res. 21:2579-2584(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Excision of cytosine and thymine from DNA by mutants of human uracil-DNA glycosylase."
EMBO J. 15:3442-3447(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr protein binds to the uracil DNA glycosylase DNA repair enzyme."
J. Virol. 70:697-704(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Nuclear and mitochondrial splice forms of human uracil-DNA glycosylase contain a complex nuclear localisation signal and a strong classical mitochondrial localisation signal, respectively."
Nucleic Acids Res. 26:4611-4617(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks."
Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Ugene, a newly identified protein that is commonly overexpressed in cancer and binds uracil DNA glycosylase."
Cancer Res. 68:6118-6126(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis."
J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach."
Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions."
Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions."
Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis."
Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation."
Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structure and mutational analysis of human uracil-DNA glycosylase: structural basis for specificity and catalysis."
Cell 80:869-878(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structure of human uracil-DNA glycosylase in complex with a protein inhibitor: protein mimicry of DNA."
Cell 82:701-708(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A nucleotide-flipping mechanism from the structure of human uracil-DNA glycosylase bound to DNA."
Nature 384:87-92(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Base excision repair initiation revealed by crystal structures and binding kinetics of human uracil-DNA glycosylase with DNA."
EMBO J. 17:5214-5226(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human uracil-DNA glycosylase deficiency associated with profoundly impaired immunoglobulin class-switch recombination."
Nat. Immunol. 4:1023-1028(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"B cells from hyper-IgM patients carrying UNG mutations lack ability to remove uracil from ssDNA and have elevated genomic uracil."
J. Exp. Med. 201:2011-2021(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]