Cystatin 2 (CST2)

Cystatin SA

SPN	O423
HGNC	2474
PubMed	9007972
UniProt	P09228
Wiki	CST2

The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions, where they appear to provide protective functions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes.

CST2 is located in the cystatin locus and encodes a secreted thiol protease inhibitor found at high levels in saliva, tears and seminal plasma.

Reference

"Human cysteine-proteinase inhibitors: nucleotide sequence analysis of three members of the cystatin gene family."
Gene 61:329-338(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20."
Nature 414:865-871(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification of full-sized forms of salivary (S-type) cystatins (cystatin SN, cystatin SA, cystatin S, and two phosphorylated forms of cystatin S) in human whole saliva and determination of phosphorylation sites of cystatin S."
J. Biochem. 110:648-654(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites."
Protein Sci. 13:2819-2824(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Characterization and amino acid sequence of a new acidic cysteine proteinase inhibitor (cystatin SA) structurally closely related to cystatin S, from human whole saliva."
J. Biochem. 102:693-704(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Characterization and amino acid sequence of a new acidic cysteine proteinase inhibitor (cystatin SA) structurally closely related to cystatin S, from human whole saliva."
(In) Turk V. (eds.);Cysteine proteinases and their inhibitors, pp.497-505, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York (1986)

"Cystatin superfamily. Evidence that family II cystatin genes are evolutionarily related to family III cystatin genes."
Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369:191-197(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Expression of type 2 cystatin genes CST1-CST5 in adult human tissues and the developing submandibular gland."
DNA Cell Biol. 21:47-65(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Confident assignment of intact mass tags to human salivary cystatins using top-down Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry."
J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 21:908-917(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]