Cystatin 5 (CST5)

Cystatin D

SPN	O421
HGNC	2477
MGI	1930004
PubMed	1939105
RGD	1310978
UniProt	P28325
Wiki	CST5

The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes.

CST5 is located in the cystatin locus and encodes a protein found in saliva and tears. The encoded protein may play a protective role against proteinases present in the oral cavity.

Reference

"Structure and expression of the gene encoding cystatin D, a novel human cysteine proteinase inhibitor."
J. Biol. Chem. 266:20538-20543(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human cystatin D. cDNA cloning, characterization of the Escherichia coli expressed inhibitor, and identification of the native protein in saliva."
J. Biol. Chem. 268:15737-15744(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20."
Nature 414:865-871(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structural and functional characterization of two allelic variants of human cystatin D sharing a characteristic inhibition spectrum against mammalian cysteine proteinases."
J. Biol. Chem. 269:23156-23162(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Confident assignment of intact mass tags to human salivary cystatins using top-down Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry."
J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 21:908-917(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Crystal structure of human cystatin D, a cysteine peptidase inhibitor with restricted inhibition profile."
J. Biol. Chem. 280:18221-18228(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A sequence variation in the human cystatin D gene resulting in an amino acid (Cys/Arg) polymorphism at the protein level."
Hum. Genet. 90:668-669(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]