Snail Homolog 1 (SNAI1)

SLUGH2; SNA; SNAH; Snail 1 Zinc Finger Protein

SPN	N650
HGNC	11128
MGI	98330
PubMed	23799116
RGD	620758
UniProt	O95863
Wiki	SNAI1

SNAI1 is structurally similar to the Drosophila snail protein, and is also thought to be critical for mesoderm formation in the developing embryo. At least two variants of a similar processed pseudogene have been found on chromosome 2.A single transcript of 1.9 kb was detected in several human fetal tissues, with highest expression in kidney. The SNAI1 open reading frame encodes a deduced 264-amino acid protein containing 4 zinc finger motifs that show 87.1% identity to mouse Snai1.SNAI1 expression is higher in normal breast epithelial cell and stromal fibroblast cell lines than in breast cancer cell lines. They showed that SNAI1 interacts with a regulatory region near promoter I.3 of the human aromatase gene, resulting in repression of promoter I.3 and in downregulation of aromatase expression in normal breast tissue.

Reference

"Down-regulation of promoter 1.3 activity of the human aromatase gene in breast tissue by zinc-finger protein, snail (SnaH)."
Cancer Res. 61:1338-1346(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Characterisation of the human snail (SNAI1) gene and exclusion as a major disease gene in craniosynostosis."
Hum. Genet. 105:320-326(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Genomic organization, expression, and chromosome location of the human SNAIL gene (SNAI1) and a related processed pseudogene (SNAI1P)."
Genomics 62:42-49(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20."
Nature 414:865-871(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The transcription factor Snail is a repressor of E-cadherin gene expression in epithelial tumour cells."
Nat. Cell Biol. 2:84-89(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Dual regulation of Snail by GSK-3beta-mediated phosphorylation in control of epithelial-mesenchymal transition."
Nat. Cell Biol. 6:931-940(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Pak1 phosphorylation of snail, a master regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition, modulates snail's subcellular localization and functions."
Cancer Res. 65:3179-3184(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A molecular role for lysyl oxidase-like 2 enzyme in snail regulation and tumor progression."
EMBO J. 24:3446-3458(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Zinc finger domain of Snail functions as a nuclear localization signal for importin beta-mediated nuclear import pathway."
Genes Cells 10:455-464(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Wnt-dependent regulation of the E-cadherin repressor snail."
J. Biol. Chem. 280:11740-11748(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Ajuba LIM proteins are snail/slug corepressors required for neural crest development in Xenopus."
Dev. Cell 14:424-436(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Characterization of Snail nuclear import pathways as representatives of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors."
J. Cell Sci. 122:1452-1460(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Snail1 is stabilized by O-GlcNAc modification in hyperglycaemic condition."
EMBO J. 29:3787-3796(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Snail associates with EGR-1 and SP-1 to upregulate transcriptional activation of p15INK4b."
FEBS J. 277:1202-1218(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"p53 inhibits tumor cell invasion via the degradation of snail protein in hepatocellular carcinoma."
FEBS Lett. 584:2231-2236(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The hypoxia-controlled FBXL14 ubiquitin ligase targets SNAIL1 for proteasome degradation."
J. Biol. Chem. 285:3794-3805(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Phosphorylation of serine 11 and serine 92 as new positive regulators of human Snail1 function: potential involvement of casein kinase-2 and the cAMP-activated kinase protein kinase A."
Mol. Biol. Cell 21:244-253(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Role of CK1 in GSK3beta-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of snail."
Oncogene 29:3124-3133(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Requirement of the histone demethylase LSD1 in Snai1-mediated transcriptional repression during epithelial-mesenchymal transition."
Oncogene 29:4896-4904(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Notch1 binds and induces degradation of Snail in hepatocellular carcinoma."
BMC Biol. 9:83-83(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Importin alpha protein acts as a negative regulator for Snail protein nuclear import."
J. Biol. Chem. 286:15126-15131(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent regulation of Snail1 protein stability."
Oncogene 30:4365-4372(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation."
Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Lats2 kinase potentiates Snail1 activity by promoting nuclear retention upon phosphorylation."
EMBO J. 31:29-43(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]