Circadian Locomoter Output Cycles Protein Kaput (CLOCK)

KAT13D; bHLHe8; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 8

SPN	J975
HGNC	2082
MGI	99698
PubMed	9630223
RGD	620271
UniProt	O15516

Circadian rhythmicity of biologic processes is a fundamental property of all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. These rhythms are driven by an internal time-keeping system. Changes in the external environment, particularly in the light-dark cycle, entrain this biologic clock.Under constant environmental conditions devoid of time cues, rhythms driven by the biologic clock show a period near, but usually not equal to, 24 hours.

The CLOCK gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-PAS transcription factor that is essential for circadian rhythm.The gene encodes an 855-amino acid polypeptide that is a novel member of the bHLH-PAS family of transcription factors and has features predicting DNA binding, protein dimerization, and activation domains.

Reference

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Genomics 57:189-200(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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DNA Res. 4:141-150(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Regulation of clock and NPAS2 DNA binding by the redox state of NAD cofactors."
Science 293:510-514(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin remodeling and the vascular clock."
J. Biol. Chem. 279:7091-7097(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Feedback repression is required for mammalian circadian clock function."
Nat. Genet. 38:312-319(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"CLOCK/BMAL1 regulates human nocturnin transcription through binding to the E-box of nocturnin promoter."
Mol. Cell. Biochem. 317:169-177(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The transcriptional repressor ID2 can interact with the canonical clock components CLOCK and BMAL1 and mediate inhibitory effects on mPer1 expression."
J. Biol. Chem. 285:38987-39000(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Biochemical analysis of the canonical model for the mammalian circadian clock."
J. Biol. Chem. 286:25891-25902(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Peripheral CLOCK regulates target-tissue glucocorticoid receptor transcriptional activity in a circadian fashion in man."
PLoS ONE 6:E25612-E25612(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A DNA damage response screen identifies RHINO, a 9-1-1 and TopBP1 interacting protein required for ATR signaling."
Science 332:1313-1317(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Histone lysine demethylase JARID1a activates CLOCK-BMAL1 and influences the circadian clock."
Science 333:1881-1885(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Diurnal expression of the thrombopoietin gene is regulated by CLOCK."
J. Thromb. Haemost. 10:662-669(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Mechanism of the circadian clock in physiology."
Am. J. Physiol. 304:R1053-R1064(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) regulates the function of CLOCK protein by direct phosphorylation."
J. Biol. Chem. 288:36878-36889(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"p75 neurotrophin receptor is a clock gene that regulates oscillatory components of circadian and metabolic networks."
J. Neurosci. 33:10221-10234(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"CLOCK is a substrate of SUMO and sumoylation of CLOCK upregulates the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor-alpha."
Oncogene 32:4883-4891(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Metabolism and the circadian clock converge."
Physiol. Rev. 93:107-135(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A meeting of two chronobiological systems: circadian proteins Period1 and BMAL1 modulate the human hair cycle clock."
J. Invest. Dermatol. 134:610-619(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome."
J. Proteomics 96:253-262(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Molecular architecture of the mammalian circadian clock."
Trends Cell Biol. 24:90-99(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]