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LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1)

HCCR1; HCRR-2; Cervical Cancer 1 Protooncogene; Cervical cancer proto-oncogene 2 protein

LETMD1 is involved in tumorigenesis and may function as a negative regulator of the TP53/p53. It is found in kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, heart and brain and is over-expressed in various tumors including leukemia, lymphoma, and carcinomas of the breast, kidney, ovary, stomach, colon and uterine cervix. There are six isoforms.
HCCR-2 that was overexpressed in various human tumors including leukemia, lymphoma, and carcinomas of the breast, kidney, ovary, stomach, colon, and uterine cervix. Ectopic expression of HCCR-2 resulted in direct tumorigenic conversions of NIH/3T3 and Rat1 fibroblasts. HCCR-2 probably represents a new oncogene that is related to tumorigenesis, functioning as a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor.

Organism species: Homo sapiens (Human)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins H820Hu01 Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies MH820Hu21 Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
PH820Hu01 Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits KEH820Hu ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Mus musculus (Mouse)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Canis familiaris; Canine (Dog)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Sus scrofa; Porcine (Pig)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Bos taurus; Bovine (Cattle)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Rhesus monkey (Simian)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Chicken (Gallus)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Ovis aries; Ovine (Sheep)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Oryctolagus cuniculus (Rabbit)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Cavia (Guinea pig )

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Equus caballus; Equine (Horse)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Capra hircus; Caprine (Goat)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Organism species: Pan-species (General)

PRODUCT TYPE CATALOG NO. PRODUCT NAME APPLICATIONS
Proteins NONE Recombinant LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Positive Control; Immunogen; SDS-PAGE; WB.
NONE Native LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Bioactivity
Antibodies NONE Monoclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IP.
NONE Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) WB; IHC; ICC; IF.
NONE Biotin Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) ELISA(Det);IC; IH; IH(P); WB
NONE APC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) IHC, WB
NONE HRP Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Simple Western; WB
NONE PE Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry
NONE FITC Linked-Polyclonal Antibody to LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Flow Cytometry;ICC/IF
Assay Kits NONE ELISA Kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antigen Detection
NONE CLIA kit for LETM1 Domain Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1) CLIA assay for Antigen Detection

Reference

"Identification and differential expression of novel human cervical cancer oncogene HCCR-2 in human cancers and its involvement in p53 stabilization."
Oncogene 22:4679-4689(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12."
Nature 440:346-351(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium."
BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"HCCR-1, a novel oncogene, encodes a mitochondrial outer membrane protein and suppresses the UVC-induced apoptosis."
BMC Cell Biol. 8:50-50(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"HCCRBP-1 directly interacting with HCCR-1 induces tumorigenesis through P53 stabilization."
Int. J. Cancer 122:501-508(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]