Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2)

ACEH; ACEII; ACE-II; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; ACE-related carboxypeptidase; Angiotensin-converting enzyme homolog; Metalloprotease MPROT15

SPN	U955
HGNC	13557
MGI	1917258
PubMed	17703127
RGD	728890
UniProt	Q9BYF1
Wiki	ACE2

ACE2 is an exopeptidase that catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to the nonapeptide angiotensin ,or the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin. ACE 2 has direct effects on cardiac function, and is expressed predominantly in vascular endothelial cells of the heart and the kidneys.By EST database searching for sequences showing homology to the zinc metalloprotease angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) and by screening a human lymphoma cDNA library, Tipnis et al. (2000) cloned a full-length ACE2 cDNA, which they called ACEH, encoding a deduced 805-amino acid protein that shares approximately 40% identity with the N- and C-terminal domains of ACE. ACE2 contains a potential 17-amino acid N-terminal signal peptide and a putative 22-amino acid C-terminal membrane anchor.

Reference

"A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9."
Circ. Res. 87:E1-E9(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A human homolog of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Cloning and functional expression as a captopril-insensitive carboxypeptidase."
J. Biol. Chem. 275:33238-33243(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis."
Endocrinology 145:4703-4711(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification of an alternative 5'-untranslated exon and new polymorphisms of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene: lack of association with SARS in the Vietnamese population."
Am. J. Med. Genet. A 136:52-57(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"MPROT15 polypeptide and MPROT15 polynucleotide."
Patent number JP11318472, 24-NOV-1999

"The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment."
Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium."
BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interaction of ACE2 and integrin beta1 in failing human heart."
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1689:175-178(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme."
FEBS Lett. 532:107-110(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase."
J. Biol. Chem. 277:14838-14843(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus."
Nature 426:450-454(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"ACE2 gene expression is up-regulated in the human failing heart."
BMC Med. 2:19-19(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis."
J. Pathol. 203:631-637(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Efficient replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in mouse cells is limited by murine angiotensin-converting enzyme 2."
J. Virol. 78:11429-11433(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A proteomic analysis of human bile."
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3:715-728(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Myocardial infarction increases ACE2 expression in rat and humans."
Eur. Heart J. 26:369-375(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2."
EMBO J. 24:1634-1643(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase (ADAM17) mediates regulated ectodomain shedding of the severe-acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2)."
J. Biol. Chem. 280:30113-30119(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:7988-7993(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry."
J. Proteome Res. 8:651-661(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ectodomain shedding cleavage-site identification: determinants and constraints."
Biochemistry 50:5182-5194(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A transmembrane serine protease is linked to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor and activates virus entry."
J. Virol. 85:873-882(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein."
J. Virol. 88:1293-1307(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hinge-bending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis."
J. Biol. Chem. 279:17996-18007(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]