Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 (EAAT2)

SLC1A2; EAAT2; GLT-1; Solute Carrier Family 1 Member 2; Glutamate/aspartate transporter II; Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 2

SPN	S444
HGNC	10940
MGI	101931
PubMed	15296513
RGD	3697
UniProt	P43004
Wiki	SLC1A2

SLC1A2 / EAAT2 is a member of a family of the solute carrier family of proteins. The membrane-bound protein is the principal transporter that clears the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from the extracellular space at synapses in the central nervous system. Glutamate clearance is necessary for proper synaptic activation and to prevent neuronal damage from excessive activation of glutamate receptors.

Ceftriaxone, an antibiotic, has been shown to induce/enhance the expression of EAAT2, resulting in reduced glutamate activity. Ceftriaxone has been shown to reduce the development and expression of tolerance to opiates and other drugs of abuse. EAAT2 may possess an important role in modulating drug addiction and tolerance.

Reference

"Functional comparisons of three glutamate transporter subtypes cloned from human motor cortex."
J. Neurosci. 14:5559-5569(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Molecular cloning of human brain glutamate/aspartate transporter II."
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1191:393-396(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Cloning and characterization of a glutamate transporter cDNA from human brain and pancreas."
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1195:185-188(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate, a potent blocker of excitatory amino acid transporters."
Mol. Pharmacol. 53:195-201(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Cloning and characterization of the 3'-untranslated region of the human excitatory amino acid transporter 2 transcript."
J. Neurochem. 86:1458-1467(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification."
Nature 440:497-500(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"A trimeric quaternary structure is conserved in bacterial and human glutamate transporters."
J. Biol. Chem. 279:39505-39512(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Exon-skipping splice variants of excitatory amino acid transporter-2 (EAAT2) form heteromeric complexes with full-length EAAT2."
J. Biol. Chem. 285:31313-31324(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]