Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 (IFITM3)

1-8U; IP15; DSPA2b; Dispanin subfamily A member 2b; Interferon-inducible protein 1-8U

SPN	O918
HGNC	5414
MGI	1913391
PubMed	22046135
RGD	1595844
UniProt	Q01628
Wiki	IFITM3

Genomic sequence analysis determined that all 3 IFITMs contain 2 exons, with the interferon-stimulable response elements (ISREs) in the immediately 5-prime flanking sequence of the promoter/enhancer region. Unlike IFITM1, which has an ISRE and 2 CCAAT boxes but lacks a TATA box, IFITM2 and IFITM3 have 2 ISREs and no TATA or CCAAT boxes.

Sequence analysis predicted that the 133-amino acid IFITM3 protein, which is approximately 90% identical to IFITM2, has an N-terminal signal sequence, 3 potential phosphorylation sites, and a C-terminal leucine zipper. Sequence variability is greatest at the C terminus. Immunoblot analysis showed that in response to IFNA, all 3 IFITMs were expressed as 14-kD proteins that could be further resolved by isoelectric focusing.

Reference

"Molecular analysis of a human interferon-inducible gene family."
Eur. J. Biochem. 199:417-423(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza."
Nature 484:519-523(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification."
Nature 440:497-500(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The IFITM proteins mediate cellular resistance to influenza A H1N1 virus, West Nile virus, and dengue virus."
Cell 139:1243-1254(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification of five interferon-induced cellular proteins that inhibit west nile virus and dengue virus infections."
J. Virol. 84:8332-8341(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interferon-induced cell membrane proteins, IFITM3 and tetherin, inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus infection via distinct mechanisms."
J. Virol. 84:12646-12657(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Interferon-induced transmembrane 3 binds osteopontin in vitro: expressed in vivo IFITM3 reduced OPN expression."
Oncogene 29:752-762(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Palmitoylome profiling reveals S-palmitoylation-dependent antiviral activity of IFITM3."
Nat. Chem. Biol. 6:610-614(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The small interferon-induced transmembrane genes and proteins."
J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 31:183-197(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The IFITM proteins inhibit HIV-1 infection."
J. Virol. 85:2126-2137(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Erratum
J. Virol. 85:4043-4043(2011)

"IFITM3 inhibits influenza A virus infection by preventing cytosolic entry."
PLoS Pathog. 7:E1002337-E1002337(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Distinct patterns of IFITM-mediated restriction of filoviruses, SARS coronavirus, and influenza A virus."
PLoS Pathog. 7:E1001258-E1001258(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"S-palmitoylation and ubiquitination differentially regulate interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3)-mediated resistance to influenza virus."
J. Biol. Chem. 287:19631-19641(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"IFITM proteins restrict antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection."
PLoS ONE 7:E34508-E34508(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The dispanins: a novel gene family of ancient origin that contains 14 human members."
PLoS ONE 7:E31961-E31961(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The antiviral effector IFITM3 disrupts intracellular cholesterol homeostasis to block viral entry."
Cell Host Microbe 13:452-464(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]