Period Circadian Protein 2 (PER2)

FASPS; Circadian clock protein PERIOD 2

SPN	M385
HGNC	8846
MGI	1195265
PubMed	9427249
RGD	61945
UniProt	O15055
Wiki	PER2

PER2 is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. Circadian expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus continues in constant darkness, and a shift in the light/dark cycle evokes a proportional shift of gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The specific function of this gene is not yet known.

A new genetic test from a cheek swab can use Per2 expression levels to tell whether a person is an early morning person or a "night owl". It has also been shown that Per2 and Bmal1 work in opposition to each other.

Reference

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FEBS Lett. 489:159-165(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

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"Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4."
Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Two period homologs: circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei."
Neuron 19:1261-1269(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Phosphorylation of clock protein PER1 regulates its circadian degradation in normal human fibroblasts."
Biochem. J. 380:95-103(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"PML regulates PER2 nuclear localization and circadian function."
EMBO J. 31:1427-1439(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Nucleolar localization and circadian regulation of Per2S, a novel splicing variant of the Period 2 gene."
Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 71:2547-2559(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Metabolism and the circadian clock converge."
Physiol. Rev. 93:107-135(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Molecular architecture of the mammalian circadian clock."
Trends Cell Biol. 24:90-99(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"An hPer2 phosphorylation site mutation in familial advanced sleep phase syndrome."
Science 291:1040-1043(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers."
Science 314:268-274(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]