Virus Inhibitory Protein (Viperin)

Cig5; RSAD2; vig1; Radical S-Adenosyl Methionine Domain Containing 2; Viperin,Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated,Interferon-Inducible; Cytomegalovirus-induced gene 5

SPN	L471
HGNC	30908
MGI	1929628
PubMed	21435586
RGD	620495
UniProt	Q8WXG1
Wiki	Viperin

The deduced 361-amino acid protein has a calculated molecular mass of 42.1 kD. Viperin contains an N-terminal leucine zipper motif and a domain associated with iron-sulfur cluster coordination. Viperin shares significant homology with Best5, which is expressed during rat osteoblast differentiation, and Vig1, which is induced in rainbow trout infected with a fish rhabdovirus. The N-terminal leucine zipper motifs display the least homology. Western blot analysis of IFNG-treated macrophages and transfected HeLa cells revealed a major band of 43 kD and a minor band of 35 kD.HCMV infection caused redistribution of the induced viperin from its normal endoplasmic reticulum association, first to the Golgi apparatus and then to cytoplasmic vacuoles containing gB and the HCMV structural protein pp28.

Reference

"Use of differential display analysis to assess the effect of human cytomegalovirus infection on the accumulation of cellular RNAs: induction of interferon-responsive RNAs."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:13985-13990(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract].

"The antiviral cytomegalovirus inducible gene 5/viperin is expressed in atherosclerosis and regulated by proinflammatory agents."
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 25:E113-E116(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Analysis of ISG expression in chronic hepatitis C identifies viperin as a potential antiviral effector."
Hepatology 42:702-710(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Yellow fever virus strains Asibi and 17D-204 infect human umbilical cord endothelial cells and induce novel changes in gene expression."
Virology 342:167-176(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent viperin gene expression and counter-regulation by PRDI-binding factor-1/BLIMP1."
J. Biol. Chem. 281:26188-26195(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"TLR3 ligation activates an antiviral response in human fetal astrocytes: a role for viperin/cig5."
J. Immunol. 177:4735-4741(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Identification and characterization of interferon-induced proteins that inhibit alphavirus replication."
J. Virol. 81:11246-11255(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The interferon-inducible protein viperin inhibits influenza virus release by perturbing lipid rafts."
Cell Host Microbe 2:96-105(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Influenza virus not cRAFTy enough to dodge viperin."
Cell Host Microbe 2:71-72(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The N-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix of viperin mediates localization to the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum and inhibits protein secretion."
J. Biol. Chem. 284:4705-4712(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The antiviral protein viperin is a radical SAM enzyme."
FEBS Lett. 584:1263-1267(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Human cytomegalovirus directly induces the antiviral protein viperin to enhance infectivity."
Science 332:1093-1097(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Viperin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by interfering with binding of NS5A to host protein hVAP-33."
J. Gen. Virol. 93:83-92(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The presence of the iron-sulfur motif is important for the conformational stability of the antiviral protein, Viperin."
PLoS ONE 7:E31797-E31797(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Viperin: a multifunctional, interferon-inducible protein that regulates virus replication."
Cell Host Microbe 10:534-539(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"The interferon inducible gene: Viperin."
J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 31:131-135(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Viperin, a key player in the antiviral response."
Microbes Infect. 14:419-426(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

"Structural characterization reveals that viperin is a radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) enzyme."
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 391:1390-1395(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]